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Concept
1944 in science
Summary
The year 1944 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Hendrik van de Hulst predicts the 21 cm hyperfine line of neutral interstellar hydrogen.
February 1 – Oswald T. Avery and colleagues publish the Avery–MacLeod–McCarty experiment showing that a DNA molecule can carry an inheritable trait to a living organism. This is important because many biologists thought that proteins were the hereditary material and nucleic acids too simple chemically to serve as genetic storage molecules.
The lipopolysaccharide character of enteric endotoxins is elucidated by M. J. Shear.
Erwin Schrödinger publishes What is Life?, containing conceptual discussion of the genetic code and of negentropy.
Donald Griffin with G. W. Pierce demonstrate that bats use high-frequency sound in a technique which Griffin describes as echolocation.
Last known evidence for existence of the Asiatic lion in the wild in Iran (Khuzestan Province).
February – Lars Onsager publishes the exact solution to the two-dimensional Ising model.
Americium discovered by Glenn T. Seaborg, et al.
August 7 – IBM dedicates the first program-controlled calculator, the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator, best known as the Harvard Mark I.
March 18 – Last eruption of Mount Vesuvius.
November 4 – The Whipple Museum of the History of Science is established when Robert Whipple presents his collection of scientific instruments to the University of Cambridge, England.
C. Doris Hellman publishes her Columbia University thesis The Comet of 1577: Its Place in the History of Astronomy.
John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern's book Theory of Games and Economic Behavior is published by Princeton University Press.
November 19 – Minnesota Starvation Experiment begins.
Hans Asperger describes Asperger syndrome.
David S. Sheridan invents the disposable plastic tracheal tube catheter.
Dorothea and Alexander Leighton's book Navajo at the Door is "the earliest example of applied medical anthropology".
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