1821

January 21 – Peter I Island in the Antarctic is first sighted, by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen. January 26 – Congress of Laibach convenes in Laibach to deal with outstanding international issues, particularly the outbreak of a revolution in southern Italy. January 28 – Alexander Island, the largest in Antarctica, is first discovered by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen. February 9 – Columbian College in the District of Columbia is chartered by President James Monroe (it becomes George Washington University). February 10 – In Mexico, the Embrace of Acatempan takes place between Agustín de Iturbide and Vicente Guerrero, which seals the peace between the viceroyalty troops and the insurgents. February 28 – Congress of Laibach formally comes to an end. However the leading participants remain as fresh uprising in Northern Italy and then Greece break out. March 4 – James Monroe begins his second term, as President of the United States March 5 – President James Monroe is sworn in, for his second term. March 7 – The Battle of Rieti is fought in Italy between intervening Austrian forces and Neapolitan rebels. March 21 – Austrian forces under Johann Frimont enter Naples and restore the authority of Ferdinand I. March 25 (O.S.)/April 6 (N.S.) – Metropolitan bishop Germanos of Patras raises the at the Monastery of Agia Lavra (according to oral tradition, not historical record), symbolically marking the beginning of the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire; later celebrated as Greece's traditional Independence Day. April 10 (O.S.)/April 22 (N.S.) – Ecumenical Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople is blamed by the Ottoman government for being unable to suppress Greek independence, and is hanged outside the main gate of the Patriarchal Cathedral immediately after the celebration of Pascha. May 5 Emperor Napoleon dies in exile on Saint Helena of stomach cancer. The first edition of the Manchester Guardian newspaper (from 1959 simply The Guardian) is published in England.