Concept
Urban planning in communist countries
Related concepts (4)
Panelák
Panelák (ˈpanɛlaːk) is a colloquial term in Czech and Slovak for a large panel system panel building constructed of pre-fabricated, pre-stressed concrete, such as those extant in the former Czechoslovakia and elsewhere in the world. Paneláks are usually located in housing estates (Czech: sídliště, Slovak: sídlisko). Panelák [plural: paneláky] is derived from the standard panelový dům or panelový dom meaning, literally, "panel house / prefabricated-sections house".
Panelház
Panelház (Short: panel) is a Hungarian term for a type of concrete block of flats (panel buildings), built in the People's Republic of Hungary and other Eastern Bloc countries. It was the main urban housing type in the Socialist-era, which still dominates the Hungarian cityscape. According to the 2011 census, there were 829,177 panel apartments in Hungary (18.9% of the dwellings) that were home to 1,741,577 people (17.5% of the total population). Panelház are not the only type of block of flats in Hungary; as of 2014, 31.
Large panel system-building
The large panel system-building is a building constructed of large, prefabricated concrete slabs. Such buildings are often found in housing development areas. Although large panel system-buildings are often considered to be typical of East Germany, the prefabricated construction method was used extensively in West Germany and elsewhere, particularly in public housing (see tower block). Prefabrication was pioneered in the Netherlands following World War I, based on construction methods developed in the United States.
Khrushchevka
A khrushchevka (khrushchyovka), also known by the derogatory nickname khrushchoba (khrushchoba), is a type of low-cost, concrete-paneled or brick three- to five-storied apartment building which was developed in the Soviet Union during the early 1960s, during the time its namesake Nikita Khrushchev directed the Soviet government. Khrushchevkas are sometimes compared to the Japanese danchi, similar (often government-sponsored) housing projects from the same period, which by some accounts were directly inspired by them.