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Camille Jordan

Marie Ennemond Camille Jordan (ʒɔʁdɑ̃; 5 January 1838 – 22 January 1922) was a French mathematician, known both for his foundational work in group theory and for his influential Cours d'analyse. Jordan was born in Lyon and educated at the École polytechnique. He was an engineer by profession; later in life he taught at the École polytechnique and the Collège de France, where he had a reputation for eccentric choices of notation. He is remembered now by name in a number of results: The Jordan curve theorem, a topological result required in complex analysis The Jordan normal form and the Jordan matrix in linear algebra In mathematical analysis, Jordan measure (or Jordan content) is an area measure that predates measure theory In group theory, the Jordan–Hölder theorem on composition series is a basic result. Jordan's theorem on finite linear groups Jordan's work did much to bring Galois theory into the mainstream. He also investigated the Mathieu groups, the first examples of sporadic groups. His Traité des substitutions, on permutation groups, was published in 1870; this treatise won for Jordan the 1870 prix Poncelet. He was an Invited Speaker of the ICM in 1920 in Strasbourg. The asteroid 25593 Camillejordan and fr are named in his honour. Camille Jordan is not to be confused with the geodesist Wilhelm Jordan (Gauss–Jordan elimination) or the physicist Pascual Jordan (Jordan algebras). Cours d'analyse de l'Ecole Polytechnique ; 1 Calcul différentiel (Gauthier-Villars, 1909) Cours d'analyse de l'Ecole Polytechnique ; 2 Calcul intégral (Gauthier-Villars, 1909) Cours d'analyse de l'Ecole Polytechnique ; 3 équations différentielles (Gauthier-Villars, 1909) Mémoire sur le nombre des valeurs des fonctions (1861–1869) Recherches sur les polyèdres (Gauthier-Villars, 1866) The collected works of Camille Jordan were published 1961–1964 in four volumes at Gauthier-Villars, Paris.

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Related concepts (4)
Permutation group
In mathematics, a permutation group is a group G whose elements are permutations of a given set M and whose group operation is the composition of permutations in G (which are thought of as bijective functions from the set M to itself). The group of all permutations of a set M is the symmetric group of M, often written as Sym(M). The term permutation group thus means a subgroup of the symmetric group. If M = {1, 2, ..., n} then Sym(M) is usually denoted by Sn, and may be called the symmetric group on n letters.
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In abstract algebra, group theory studies the algebraic structures known as groups. The concept of a group is central to abstract algebra: other well-known algebraic structures, such as rings, fields, and vector spaces, can all be seen as groups endowed with additional operations and axioms. Groups recur throughout mathematics, and the methods of group theory have influenced many parts of algebra. Linear algebraic groups and Lie groups are two branches of group theory that have experienced advances and have become subject areas in their own right.
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