Automatic taxobox
| name = Eumetazoans
| fossil_range = Ediacaran - Present,
| image =
File:Animalia diversity.jpg|300px
rect 0 0 400 290 [[Mollusca]]
rect 400 0 800 275 [[Scyphozoa]]
rect 0 300 400 775 [[Chordata]]
rect 400 280 800 775 [[Arthropod]]
rect 0 800 800 1100 [[Annelida]]
| image_caption = Diversity of eumetazoans
| display_parents = 7
| taxon = Eumetazoa
| authority = Buetschli, 1910
| subdivision_ranks = Phyla
| subdivision = * Ctenophora
† Trilobozoa
Chancelloriida
†Proarticulata
†Petalonamae
ParaHoxozoa (unranked)
Placozoa
Cnidaria
Bilateria (unranked)
Xenacoelomorpha?
Nephrozoa (unranked)
Superphylum Deuterostomia
Chordata
"Ambulacraria"
Hemichordata
Echinodermata
Xenacoelomorpha?
Protostomia (unranked)
Superphylum Ecdysozoa
Kinorhyncha
Loricifera
Priapulida
Nematoda
Nematomorpha
Onychophora
Tardigrada
Arthropoda
Spiralia (unranked)
Orthonectida
Rhombozoa
Chaetognatha
Superphylum Platyzoa
Platyhelminthes
Gastrotricha
Rotifera
Acanthocephala
Gnathostomulida
Micrognathozoa
Cycliophora
Superphylum Lophotrochozoa
Hyolitha†
Nemertea
Phoronida
Bryozoa
Entoprocta
Brachiopoda
Mollusca
Annelida
| synonyms = *Enterozoa Lankester, 1877, em. Beklemishev
Epitheliozoa Ax, 1996
Diploblast Lankester, 1873
Histozoa Ulrich, 1950
Eumetazoa (), also known as diploblasts, Epitheliozoa, or Histozoa', are a proposed basal animal clade as a sister group of the Porifera (sponges). The basal eumetazoan clades are the Ctenophora and the ParaHoxozoa. Placozoa is now also seen as a eumetazoan in the ParaHoxozoa. The competing hypothesis is the Myriazoa clade.
Several other extinct or obscure life forms, such as Iotuba and Thectardis, appear to have emerged in the group. Characteristics of eumetazoans include true tissues organized into germ layers, the presence of neurons and muscles, and an embryo that goes through a gastrula stage.
Some phylogenists once speculated the sponges and eumetazoans evolved separately from different single-celled organisms, which would have meant that the animal kingdom does not form a clade (a complete grouping of all organisms descended from a common ancestor).
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A germ layer is a primary layer of cells that forms during embryonic development. The three germ layers in vertebrates are particularly pronounced; however, all eumetazoans (animals that are sister taxa to the sponges) produce two or three primary germ layers. Some animals, like cnidarians, produce two germ layers (the ectoderm and endoderm) making them diploblastic. Other animals such as bilaterians produce a third layer (the mesoderm) between these two layers, making them triploblastic.
Marine life, sea life, or ocean life is the plants, animals, and other organisms that live in the salt water of seas or oceans, or the brackish water of coastal estuaries. At a fundamental level, marine life affects the nature of the planet. Marine organisms, mostly microorganisms, produce oxygen and sequester carbon. Marine life in part shape and protect shorelines, and some marine organisms even help create new land (e.g. coral building reefs). Most life forms evolved initially in marine habitats.
The halkieriids are a group of fossil organisms from the Lower to Middle Cambrian. Their eponymous genus is Halkieria hælˈkɪəriə, which has been found on almost every continent in Lower to Mid Cambrian deposits, forming a large component of the small shelly fossil assemblages. The best known species is Halkieria evangelista, from the North Greenland Sirius Passet Lagerstätte, in which complete specimens were collected on an expedition in 1989. The fossils were described by Simon Conway Morris and John Peel in a short paper in 1990 in the journal Nature.
Massive skeletons of living hypercalcified sponges, representative organisms of basal Metazoa, are uncommon models to improve our knowledge on biomineralization mechanisms and their possible evolution through time. Eight living species belonging to various ...
Divergent morphology of species has largely been ascribed to genetic differences in the tissue-specific expression of proteins, which could be achieved by divergence in cis-regulatory elements or by altering the binding specificity of transcription factors ...