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Concept
Federal Government of Somalia
Summary
The Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) (Dowladda Federaalka Soomaaliya, الحكومة الفيدرالية الصومالية) is the internationally recognised government of Somalia, and the first attempt to create a central government in Somalia since the collapse of the Somali Democratic Republic. It replaced the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) of Somalia on 20 August 2012 with the adoption of the Constitution of Somalia.
It officially comprises the executive branch of government, with the parliament serving as the legislative branch. It is headed by the President of Somalia, to whom the Council of Ministers reports through the Prime Minister.
After the collapse of the Somali Democratic Republic in 1991, there were no relations between the Somaliland government, which declared itself a country and the government of Somalia.
The national constitution lays out the basic way in which the government is to operate. It was passed on June 23, 2012, after several days of deliberation between Somali federal and regional politicians. To come into effect, the constitution must be ratified by the new parliament.
Under the new constitution, Somalia, now officially known as the Federal Republic of Somalia, is a federation.
List of Presidents of Somalia and List of Prime Ministers of Somalia
The President is elected by the Parliament. The president serves as the head of state and chooses the Prime Minister, who serves as the head of government and leads the Council of Ministers. According to Article 97 of the constitution, most executive powers of the Somali government are vested in the Council of Ministers. The incumbent President of Somalia is Hassan Sheikh Mohamud. Hamza Abdi Barre is the national Prime Minister.
Council of Ministers of Somalia
The Council is formally known as the Council of Ministers of the Federal Government of Somalia but is sometimes referred to as the Cabinet. Its members are appointed by the Prime Minister.
Federal Parliament of SomaliaThe Federal Parliament of Somalia elects the President and Prime Minister and has the authority to pass and veto laws.
Official source
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