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Concept
Dazhbog
Summary
Dazhbog (Дажьбо́г, Дажбог), alternatively Daždźboh (Даждзьбог), Dazhboh (Дажбог), Dažbog, Dazhdbog, Dajbog, Daybog, Dabog, Dazibogu, or Dadźbóg, was one of the major gods of Slavic mythology, most likely a solar deity and possibly a cultural hero. He is one of several authentic Slavic gods, mentioned by a number of medieval manuscripts, and one of the few Slavic gods for which evidence of worship can be found in all Slavic tribes.
Dazhbog (or Dazhboh) is mentioned in the Primary Chronicle, a history of early Kyivan Rus' as one of seven gods whose statues Prince Volodymyr the Great erected in front of his palace in Kyiv in 980, when he came to the throne. The name is also mentioned in the Hypatian Codex, as well as in the medieval Old East Slavic epic The Tale of Ihor's Campaign .
The Proto-Slavic reconstruction is *dadjьbogъ, and is composed of *dadjь, imperative of the verb *dati "to give", and the noun *bogъ "god". The original meaning of Dazhbog would thus, according to Dubenskij, Ognovskij and Niederle, be "giving god", "god-giver, "god-donor".
Morphologically this word is an old compound, that is particularly interesting because it retains the old meaning of the Proto-Slavic *bogъ "earthly wealth/well-being; fortune", with a semantic shift to "dispenser of wealth/fortune" and finally "god". Due to the absence of convincing cognates in other Indo-European languages, Proto-Slavic *bogъ is often considered to be an Iranian borrowing, being related to Indo-Iranian Bhaga, or at least being semantically influenced by them; in both Slavic and Indo-Iranian cognate forms mean both "deity" and "wealth, share". Thus, translated literally, Dazhbog would be "giving god".
In other languages, Proto-Slavic: *Daďьbogъ; Church Slavic: Даждьбог; Old East Slavic: Дажьбогъ; Даждбог, Дажбог, or Дабог; Bulgarian, Ukrainian and Даждбог Дажбог, Дайбог, or Дабог; Dadźbóg, Dażbóg, Dabóg; Дажьбог, Дажбог, Дайбог, or Дабог; Serbo-Croatian: Daždbog / Даждбог, Dažbog / Дажбог, Dajbog / Дајбог, or Dabog / Дабог.
Official source
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