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Concept
Dabuyid dynasty
Summary
The Dabuyid dynasty, or Gaubarid dynasty, was a Zoroastrian Iranian dynasty that started in the first half of the 7th century as an independent group of rulers that ruled over Tabaristan and parts of western Khorasan. Dabuyid rule over Tabaristan and Khorasan lasted from around 642 to the Abbasid conquest in 760.
The family's early history is recorded by the later historian Ibn Isfandiyar. According to that tradition, the Dabuyids were descended from Jamasp, a son of Sassanid King of Kings Peroz I and younger brother of Kavadh I, and were therefore a cadet branch of the House of Sasan. Jamasp's grandson, Piruz, conquered Gilan, and a relative of Piruz, Gil, nicknamed Gavbara (literally Devotee of the Cow), then extended the family's rule by annexing Tabaristan. That led to the formal conferment of the titles of Gil e Gilan ("ruler of Gilan") and Padashwargarshah ("King of Patashwargar", the older name of Tabaristan's mountains), to Gil's son Dabuya or Daboe, by the last Sassanid King of Kings, Yazdegerd III.
After the Muslim conquest of Persia, that Sassanian cadet branch, along with the dynasts of the noble houses of Ispahbudan and Karin, signed peace treaties with the Arab armies by which the Arabs never to approach those territories without prior permission. Consequently, the regions of Gilan and at least parts of Tabaristan remained under Gavbara's control, and Rey and parts of Khorasan were ruled by Farrokhzad of House of Ispahbudan. After about 15 years, Ibn Isfandiyar reports that Gavbara died and his son Dabuya succeeded the throne, hence the name given to the dynasty. Dabuya's son, Farrukhan the Great was successful in taking over Tabaristan up to the frontiers of Nishapur after years of dynastic struggle between the Houses of Karin and Ispahbudan in north-eastern Iran. In addition to the titles granted by Yazdegerd III, the Dabuyid rulers also bore the old Iranian military title of ispahbadh as their regnal title.
Official source
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