Near-field communication

Summary

Near-field communication (NFC) is a set of communication protocols that enables communication between two electronic devices over a distance of 4 cm (1.57 in) or less. NFC offers a low-speed connection through a simple setup that can be used to bootstrap more capable wireless connections. Like other "proximity card" technologies, NFC is based on inductive coupling between two so-called antennas present on NFC-enabled devices—for example a smartphone and a printer—communicating in one or both directions, using a frequency of 13.56 MHz in the globally available unlicensed radio frequency ISM band using the ISO/IEC 18000-3 air interface standard at data rates ranging from 106 to 848 kbit/s. The standards were provided by the NFC Forum. The forum was responsible for promoting the technology and setting standards and certifies device compliance. Secure communications are available by applying encryption algorithms as is done for credit cards and i

Official source

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-field_communication

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We introduce the TinyNode platform for wireless sensor networks. Supporting both research and industrial deployments, the platform offers communication ranges that exceed current platforms by a factor of 3 to 5, while consuming similar energy. It comes with a rich, practical set of hardware extensions and full TinyOS support. We describe the design choices of the TinyNode, the accompanying hardware modules, and the MAC layer implementation.

2006

TinyNode: A Comprehensive Platform for Wireless Sensor Network Applications

Henri Julien Dubois-Ferrière, Laurent Fabre, Roger Meier, Pierre Métrailler

2005

GeoAware: A Hybrid Indoor and Outdoor Localization Agent for Smart Buildings

Adrien Guillaume Olivier Hoffet, Maher Kayal, Georgios Lilis

Localizing, identifying and authenticating the individual occupants is of paramount importance for the future intelligent buildings. Although the performance of outdoor positioning systems is sufficiently good, the indoor ones have still to converge to a universal interoperable technology. This paper proposes a hybrid, unified localization architecture for indoor and outdoor tracking of the building occupants. By taking advantage of the smartphones and their recent near field communication (NFC) capabilities; a low cost, accurate and scalable localization solution is proposed. This system is a module of an existing, modern building management system (BMS) to which it offers location-aware, energy and comfort management capabilities. The solution is currently deployed as a medium scale trial; therefore, the self-energy use, reliability, ease of use and the privacy requirements are of paramount importance. The system analysis in this paper additionally includes accuracy and battery impact assessment in real-world use cases and location-aware building management operations.

Ieee2016