Liquid crystal on silicon

Summary

Liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS or LCOS) is a miniaturized reflective active-matrix liquid-crystal display or "microdisplay" using a liquid crystal layer on top of a silicon backplane. It is also referred to as a spatial light modulator. LCoS was initially developed for projection televisions but is now used for wavelength selective switching, structured illumination, near-eye displays and optical pulse shaping. By way of comparison, some LCD projectors use transmissive LCD, allowing light to pass through the liquid crystal. In an LCoS display, a complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) chip controls the voltage on square reflective aluminium electrodes buried just below the chip surface, each controlling one pixel. For example, a chip with XGA resolution will have 1024x768 plates, each with an independently addressable voltage. Typical cells are about 1–3 centimeters square and about 2 mm thick, with pixel pitch as small as 2.79 μm. A common voltage for all the pixel

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_crystal_on_silicon

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Liquid phase crystallized silicon on glass: Technology, material quality and back contacted heterojunction solar cells

Jan Haschke

Liquid phase crystallization has emerged as a novel approach to grow large grained polycrystalline silicon films on glass with high electronic quality. In recent years a lot of effort was conducted by different groups to determine and optimize suitable interlayer materials, enhance the crystallographic quality or to improve post crystallization treatments. In this paper, we give an overview on liquid phase crystallization and describe the necessary process steps and discuss their influence on the absorber properties. Available line sources are compared and different interlayer configurations are presented. Furthermore, we present one-dimensional numerical simulations of a rear junction device, considering silicon absorber thicknesses between 1 and 500 mu m. We vary the front surface recombination velocity as well as doping density and minority carrier lifetime in the absorber. The simulations suggest that a higher absorber doping density is beneficial for layer thicknesses below 20 mu m or when the minority carrier lifetime is short. Finally, we discuss possible routes for device optimization and propose a hybride cell structure to circumvent current limitations in device design. (C) 2016 The Japan Society of Applied Physics

Iop Publishing Ltd2016

Liquid Crystal beam steering device for the infrared

Toralf Scharf

Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg1998

Liquid crystal blazed grating beam deflector

Demetri Psaltis, Xiao Wang

A multiple-angle liquid crystal blazed grating beam deflector has been developed. It consists of a stack of liquid crystal blazed gratings where each layer can deflect incident light with very high efficiency into one of two different directions depending on the driving condition Pour steering angles (10.8 degrees, 7.2 degrees, 3.6 degrees, 0 degrees) with about 70% diffraction efficiency are demonstrated within 15V. The device's working principle, design considerations, fabrication process, and characterization results are described.

Spie-Int Soc Optical Engineering, Po Box 10, Bellingham, Wa 98227-0010 Usa1998