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Concept
Oryol Oblast
Summary
Oryol Oblast (Orlovskaya oblast), also known as Orlovshchina (Орловщина), is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Oryol. Population:
It is located in the southwestern part of the Central Federal District, in the Central Russian Upland.
In terms of area, at it is one of the smallest federal subjects. From north to south, it extends for more than , and from west to east—for over .
Kaluga Oblast border it to the north-west; Tula Oblast is located to the north; Lipetsk Oblast — to the east; Kursk Oblast — to the south, and Bryansk Oblast is to the west.
There are of black earth soils (chernozems) in the oblast, which amounts to three-quarters of the world chernozem reserves.
The climate is temperate (Köppen: Dfb). The winter is moderately cold, with an average January temperature from . Summers are warm and humid, with an average July temperature from . Rainfall averages , and snow cover averages 120 days.
On the territory of the Oryol region there are more than 2 thousand rivers and streams with a total length of , but there are no navigable water ways. The rivers of the region belong to the basins of three rivers: Volga, Don, Dnieper.
The Oka river, one of Europe's largest rivers, flows through the oblast for part of its course (190 km) and the source of it is in the south of the region. Main tributaries: Zusha (with tributary Neruch), Vytebet, Nugr, Tson, Orlik, Rybnitsa, Kroma.
Sosna flows in the eastern part of the region. Main tributaries: Trudy, Tim, Lyubovsha, Kshen, Olym.
In the west of the region originate rivers Nerussa, Navlya, Swapa.
1100 lakes and artificial reservoirs of the region cover a total area of about (0,22%).
In the 12th century, chronicles mention Mtsensk, known as Novosil then. Then modern Orlovschina was part of the Chernigov Principality. After the death of Mikhail of Chernigov Novosil Principality was formed on these territories. By the end of the 15th century it had disintegrated into four separate principalities and, along with all the other fragments of the Chernigov principality, became a part of Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Official source
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