Northern ItalyNorthern Italy (Italia settentrionale, Nord Italia, Alta Italia or just Nord) is a geographical and cultural region in the northern part of Italy. It consists of eight administrative regions: Aosta Valley, Emilia-Romagna, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Piedmont, Liguria, Lombardy, Veneto and Trentino-Alto Adige. As of 2014, its population was 27,801,460. Rhaeto-Romance and Gallo-Italic languages are spoken in the region, as opposed to the Italo-Dalmatian languages spoken in the rest of Italy.
Lombard languageThe Lombard language (native name: lombard, lumbaart, lumbart or lombart, depending on the orthography; pronunciation: lũˈbaːrt, lomˈbart) belongs to the Gallo-Italic family, and consists of a cluster of homogeneous dialects spoken by millions of speakers in Northern Italy and southern Switzerland, including most of Lombardy and some areas of the neighbouring regions, notably the eastern side of Piedmont and the western side of Trentino, and in Switzerland in the cantons of Ticino and Graubünden.
Mutual intelligibilityIn linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort. It is sometimes used as an important criterion for distinguishing languages from dialects, although sociolinguistic factors are often also used. Intelligibility between languages can be asymmetric, with speakers of one understanding more of the other than speakers of the other understanding the first.
TurinTurin (tjʊəˈrɪn,_ˈtjʊərᵻn , Piedmontese: tyˈriŋ; Torino toˈriːno) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital from 1861 to 1865. The city is mainly on the western bank of the Po River, below its Susa Valley, and is surrounded by the western Alpine arch and Superga hill. The population of the city proper is 847,287 (31 January 2022), while the population of the urban area is estimated by Eurostat to be 1.
Emilian dialectsInfobox language | name = Emilian | altname = | nativename = emigliân, emigliàn, | pronunciation = emiˈʎaːŋ | states = Italy | region = Primarily Emiliaborder variants spoken in near Lombardy and Venice provinces | ethnicity = 3.3 million (2008) | speakers = Unknown, 1.3 million (2006 estimate) | date = 2006 | ref = |familycolor = Indo-European | fam2 = Italic | fam3 = Latino-Faliscan | fam4 = Romance | fam5 = Italo-Western | fam6 = Western Romance | fam7 = Gallo-Romance | fam8 = Gallo-Italic | fam9 = Emilian–Romagnol | dialects = see Dialectal variety section | script = Latin | minority = | agency = | iso3 = egl | glotto = emil1241 | glottorefname = Emiliano | lingua = 51-AAA-oka .
Proto-Indo-European languageProto-Indo-European (PIE) is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European language family. No direct record of Proto-Indo-European exists; its proposed features have been derived by linguistic reconstruction from documented Indo-European languages. Far more work has gone into reconstructing PIE than any other proto-language, and it is the best understood of all proto-languages of its age.
Duchy of SavoyThe Duchy of Savoy (Ducato di Savoia; Duché de Savoie) was a territorial entity of the Savoyard state that existed from 1416 until 1860 and was a possession of the House of Savoy. It was created when Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, raised the County of Savoy into a duchy for Amadeus VIII. The duchy was an Imperial fief, subject of the Holy Roman Empire, until 1792, with a vote in the Imperial Diet. From the 16th century, Savoy belonged to the Upper Rhenish Circle.
RomagnolRomagnol (Rumagnòl, or Rumagnôl; romagnolo) is a Romance language spoken in the historical region of Romagna, consisting mainly of the southeastern part of Emilia-Romagna, Italy. The name is derived from the Lombard name for the region, Romagna. Romagnol is also spoken outside the region, particularly in the independent Republic of San Marino. Romagnol is classified as endangered because older generations have "neglected to pass on the dialect as a native tongue to the next generation".
PiedmontPiedmont (ˈpiːdmɒnt ; Piemonte pjeˈmonte; Piemont pjeˈmʊŋt) is a region of Northwest Italy, one of the 20 regions of Italy. It borders the Liguria region to the south, the Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna regions to the east, and the Aosta Valley region to the northwest; it also borders Switzerland to the north and France to the west. It has an area of making it the second largest region of Italy after Sicily; as of 31 January 2021, the population was 4,269,714.
Aragonese languageAragonese (ˌærəɡəˈniːz ; aragonés aɾaɣoˈnes in Aragonese) is a Romance language spoken in several dialects by about 12,000 people as of 2011, in the Pyrenees valleys of Aragon, Spain, primarily in the comarcas of Somontano de Barbastro, Jacetania, Alto Gállego, Sobrarbe, and Ribagorza/Ribagorça. It is the only modern language which survived from medieval Navarro-Aragonese in a form distinctly different from Spanish. Historically, people referred to the language as fabla ('talk' or 'speech').
