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Concept
Alexandre Deleyre
Summary
Alexandre Deleyre (5 or 10 January 1726, Portets near Bordeaux – 10 March 1797, Paris aged 71) was an 18th-century French man of letters and translator from Latin. He was a friend of J.J. Rousseau, who used his translations of Lucretius for compositions.
Alexandre Deleyre was the son of the bailiff Jean Deleyre from the province Guyenne. He studied at a Jesuit college in Bordeaux but lost his faith. He chose for the bar (law) but then decided to move to Paris. There he looked for other atheists. Montesquieu became the patron of Deleyre and introduced him to the Encyclopedists, Charles Duclos and Baron d'Holbach.
In 1754 he worked for the Journal des Savants. From November 1756 to March 1757 he worked for the fr with Baron von Grimm. This journal was published by Jean-Baptiste-Antoine Suard, François Arnaud, Antoine François Prévost and the lawyer Pierre-Jean-Baptiste Gerbier.He cooperated with Denis Diderot, Claude Adrien Helvétius and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, philosophers of the French age of Enlightenment. Deleyre contributed with two articles, one on stickpins (Épingle) and Fanatisme to the Encyclopédie; his article on Fortune was refused. In his Dictionnaire philosophique, Voltaire would make use of his article on fanaticism.
In June 1758 he left for Liège where he wrote for the fr by Pierre Rousseau. After joining the army for a couple of weeks, he became secretary of Choiseul, the French ambassador in Vienna during the height of the Seven Years' War (1759). In 1760 he wanted to get married but when the priest found out he was the author of Fanatisme he was ordered to rewrite the article, humiliate himself and swear an oath on being a good catholic. Protected by the Duke of Nivernais, ambassador in Berlin and London who had been friendly with Montesquieu, he was appointed librarian of Philip, Duke of Parma at the end of the year. He cooperated with Guillaume du Tillot and disagreed with Etienne Condillac as the governor of Ferdinand, Duke of Parma from 1660 till 1768 when they both left.
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