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Fatigue phenomena occurring in Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O-3 ferroelectric thin-film capacitors (FECAP) with Pt electrodes are studied by means of conduction measurements in the cold-field-emission (tunneling) regime. We have determined that conduction in virgin FECAPs ...
This paper reports an evaluation of UWB radio technology and Time-Reversal (TR) technique in tunnel environments for train-to-wayside communication. UWB technology has the potential to offer simultaneous ground-totrain communication, train location and obs ...
Fatigued state of the Pt-PZT-Pt system is studied by means of low-temperature conduction measurements. It is shown that the conduction in the temperature interval of 100-140 degrees K is determined by the cold field emission of electrons (tunneling conduct ...
Since both lining structure and rock mass exhibit delayed behaviour, tunnel equilibrium conditions evolve with time. After discussing existing work done on different aspects of long-term tunnel behaviour, the aim of this paper is to “understand” the influe ...
During the crossing of brittle rock formations at the Lötschberg base tunnel, failure phenomena have been observed both at the tunnel face and at the walls. A detailed analysis has been undertaken to explain these behaviours, based on the recent developmen ...
This project, supported by the Swiss Federal Roads Authority (OFROU), focuses on the long term behaviour of road tunnels and on their main pathologies. As a tunnel is composed by lining structure and rock mass, it has been necessary to consider the effects ...
Electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy was used to assess the distance dependence of electron transfer facilitated by a bacterial multiheme cytochrome to a single crystal iron oxide surface. We measured tunneling current-distance (I-s) profiles acro ...
