Gothic architecture

Summary

Gothic architecture is an architectural style that was prevalent in Europe from the late 12th to the 16th century, during the High and Late Middle Ages, surviving into the 17th and 18th centuries in some areas. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture. It originated in the Île-de-France and Picardy regions of northern France. The style at the time was sometimes known as opus Francigenum (French work); the term Gothic was first applied contemptuously during the later Renaissance, by those ambitious to revive the architecture of classical antiquity. The defining design element of Gothic architecture is the pointed or ogival arch. The use of the pointed arch in turn led to the development of the pointed rib vault and flying buttresses, combined with elaborate tracery and stained glass windows. At the Abbey of Saint-Denis, near Paris, the choir was reconstructed between 1140 and 1144, drawing together for the first time the developing Gothic a

Official source

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_architecture

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« La diversité dans la ville est une qualité que nous pouvons et devons cultiver », ces mots de Vittorio Magnago Lampugnani encouragent à concevoir des manières de vivre différentes des modèles domestiques contemporains. La recherche intense de nouvelles formes de cohabitation – ce dont témoigne la dernière Biennale d’architecture de Venise notamment – n’a d’égale que le désir toujours plus plus marqué de retraite individuelle. Dans ce contexte, le type de la villa urbaine lausannoise apparaît comme une solution, car elle associe la diversité sociale avec celle des besoins personnels. Sur cette base, ce projet reformule la forme des espaces communs et privés. La forme sur laquelle le projet repose se nomme « scutoïde ». Récemment découvert en biologie, ce solide géométrique permet aux cellules vivantes de se grouper efficacement en terme d’espace et d’énergie. La propriété fondamentale du scutoïde, qui se définit par l’interaction deux par deux alternante entre quatre cellules, permet, vue sous l’angle de l’architecture et transposée en propriétés spatiales, de guider l’organisation du plan et de répondre à la volonté de diversité des espaces. Cette nouvelle villa urbaine scutoïdale s’organise en coopérative, comme un large appartement communautaire. Dans une démarche exploratrice, la séquence traditionnelle des espaces, de l’entrée (commune) à la chambre (privée), est renversée. Ainsi chaque habitant pénètre d’abord à son espace privatif, pour accéder ensuite aux espaces communs.

2022

On November the 14th 1974, Jack Cornaz died in Lausanne, the town where he was born in 1886. This study traces the unusual career of this architect – a singular figure in the field of Swiss-French architecture of the twentieth century – whose name, from the 1920s, is associated with a wide range of neo-classical buildings on the shores of Lake Geneva, and analyses its context. Labelled both marginal and a dissident – depending on the standpoint of the critic – Cornaz's production is presented for the first time, through minute exploration of his unpublished archives, extensive information gathered in the course of interviews with numerous protagonists, both near and far, of the "cornazian scene", and comprehensive lateral research. Diversified in terms of quantity, and yet so uniform in terms of typology and program, his production appears consistent enough to express in itself the themes and motives which permit an understanding of both the variety of its expressions and in the unity of its intentions. The analysis of some of its nodal points – types of clients, production under influences, relevance of the old, problematic relationship to the tradition – provides an opportunity to grapple with broader architectural issues, some including ontological dimension : notion of imitation, bound to a style, relations between the architect and his patronage, autobiographical nature of his relation to the object, properties of the settlement... Though considered as a passéiste architect, Cornaz – at least at the start of his career – appreciated a form of modernity, understood as a progressive development of classical and regional types into a new language, which did not reject or betray the heritage of the past. In this respect, his work may be considered as representative of one of those traditionalist tendencies taken into account by the history of architecture over the last two decades. Based on the analytical cataloguing of the architect's archives deposited in the ACM (Archives of Modern Construction, Lausanne), the method applied in this study is a cross-disciplinary approach combining historical research with the principles of anthropological investigation. It is also based upon the interlocking of two propositions : it is a historical inquiry analysing sources as well as an epistemological reflection about cognitive procedures at work in the material in question. Adept at disciplinary nomadism and in mimetic fit with her object, the author applies a "patchwork" method. She is convinced that the effect of contiguity and accumulation is meaningful in itself, and that the interest of this matching of quotations, which leads to admittance for the need of the gaps and interplay of the elements, resides in its unsteadiness, like in a mosaic. The book consists of two closely connected volets. Chapters are thematic in the first one, these theoretical essays are completed with monographs of twenty of J. Cornaz's constructions and catalogue entries for his works.

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Undrawable Architecture Heritage Buildings And Digital Tectonic

Traditionally architecture in Asia was not graphically represented or formalised, and relied on received knowledge being passed down from generation to generation. Stylianos Dritsas and Kang Shua Yeo describe the Heritage Buildings and Digital Tectonic research project they have been undertaking at Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD) , exploring the potential of a start-to-end digital design process for historical building conservation.

Wiley Periodicals, Inc2013

EPFL2005