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Concept
Free Papua Movement
Summary
The Free Papua Movement or Free Papua Organization (Organisasi Papua Merdeka, OPM, Fri Wes Papua Grup) is a name given to independence movement based on Western New Guinea, seeking the secession of the territory currently administrated by Indonesia as the provinces of Central Papua, Highland Papua, Papua, South Papua, Southwest Papua, and West Papua, also formerly known as Papua, Irian Jaya and West Irian.
The movement consists of three elements: a disparate group of armed units each with
limited territorial control with no single commander; several groups in the territory that conduct demonstrations and protests; and a small group of leaders based abroad that raise awareness of issues in the territory whilst striving for international support for independence.
Since its inception, the OPM has attempted diplomatic dialogue, conducted Morning Star flag-raising ceremonies, and undertaken militant actions as part of the Papua conflict. Supporters routinely display the Morning Star flag and other symbols of Papuan unity, such as the national anthem "Hai Tanahku Papua" and a national coat of arms, which had been adopted in the period 1961 until Indonesian administration began in May 1963 under the New York Agreement. The separatist movement is considered as a terrorist organisation in Indonesia, and its activities have incurred charges of treason and terrorism. The armed groups have been accused of a significant number of human rights abuses including using child soldiers.
West New Guinea dispute
During World War II, the Netherlands East Indies (later Indonesia) were guided by Sukarno to supply oil for the Japanese war effort and subsequently declared independence as the Republic of Indonesia on 17 August 1945. The Netherlands New Guinea (Western New Guinea, then a part of the Netherlands East Indies) and Australian administered territories of Papua and British New Guinea resisted Japanese control and were allies with the American and Australian forces during the Pacific War.
Official source
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