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Concept
Slovene Home Guard
Summary
The Slovene Home Guard (Slovensko domobranstvo, SD; Slowenische Landeswehr), was a Slovene anti-Partisan collaborationist militia that operated during the 1943–1945 German occupation of the formerly Italian-occupied Slovene Province of Ljubljana. The Guard consisted of former Village Sentries (Vaške straže; Guardia Civica), part of Italian-sponsored Anti-Communist Volunteer Militia, re-organized under Nazi command after the Italian Armistice of September 1943.
The Guard had close links with Slovenian right-wing anti-Communist political parties and organizations, which provided most of the membership, receiving assistance from the Germans rather than providing assistance to them. In the Slovenian Littoral, a similar but much smaller unit, called the Slovenian National Defense Corps (Slovensko narodno varnostni zbor, Slowenisches Nationales Schutzkorps), more commonly known as the Littoral Home Guard (Primorsko domobranstvo) was ideologically and organizationally linked to the SD. An even smaller Upper Carniolan Self-Defense ( Gorenjska samozaščita, Oberkrainer Landschutz), also known as the Upper Carniolan Home Guard (Gorenjsko domobranstvo) operated in Upper Carniola between 1944 and 1945. All three "home guard" units comprised almost exclusively ethnic Slovenes. At their peak, they had a combined membership of around 21,000 men, made up of 15,000 in the Province of Ljubljana, 3,500 in the Julian March and 2,500 in Upper Carniola. The officers and the language of command were Slovene.
Some of the resistance groups outside of the communist-led Liberation Front of the Slovene Nation (OF) were collectively known by the OF as White Guards (Slovene: Bela garda). The British liaison-officers with the Slovene Partisans saw the White Guards as another name for the Home Guards, and declared them enemies of the Allies.
In April 1941, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded by the Axis powers, quickly overrun and carved up. Those areas of Yugoslavia that now form the country of Slovenia were annexed by Germany, Italy and Hungary.
Official source
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