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Smart contracts have emerged as the most promising foundations for applications of the blockchain technology. Even though smart contracts are expected to serve as the backbone of the next-generation web, they have several limitations that hinder their wide ...
Digital identity seems at first like a prerequisite for digital democracy: how can we ensure “one person, one vote” online without identifying voters? But the full gamut of digital identity solutions – e.g., online ID checking, biometrics, self-sovereign i ...
Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) as a decentralized proof of ownership represent one of the main reasons why Ethereum is a disruptive technology. This paper presents the first systematic study of the interactions occurring in a number of NFT ecosystems. We illus ...
This paper presents an approach to automatic verification of asynchronous round-based consensus algorithms. We use model checking, a widely practiced verification method; but its application to asynchronous distributed algorithms is difficult because the s ...
We show for the first time that standard model checking allows one to completely verify asynchronous algorithms for solving consensus, a fundamental problem in fault-tolerant distributed computing. Model checking is a powerful verification methodology base ...
Permissionless blockchain-based cryptocurrencies commonly use proof-of-work (PoW) or proof-of-stake (PoS) to ensure their security, e.g. to prevent double spending attacks. However, both approaches have disadvantages: PoW leads to massive amounts of wasted ...
