Moated settlements

A moated settlement (moated settlements, ditched settlements, ditch-enclosed settlements ) is a human settlement (village) surrounded by a moat. It is thought to be a new settlement boundary facility brought from the continent along with paddy rice agriculture. When a moat is surrounded by a water moat, it is written moat encircling, and when a moat is surrounded by a empty moat, it is written moat encircling to distinguish it. The roots of the "moat encircling" and "moat shelter" are thought to be in the middle reaches of the Changjiang River and South Mongolia (Xinglongkubo culture), respectively, and in the Japanese archipelago, and were produced in Yayoi Era and Middle Ages. In the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, a moat encircling settlement dating back about 8,000 years has been discovered at the Pengtoushan site on the Li Yang Plain in Hunan Province.。The diameter of this moat encircling settlement is approximately 200 meters, with the western side connected to a natural river, and a moat approximately 20 meters wide running around the northern, eastern, and southern sides. Although not fully excavated yet, it is the site of rice paddy rice cultivation farming. A moated settlement dating from about 8200 to 7400 years ago has been found at the Xinglongbubo site in Inner Mongolia Red Peak City. The settlement is bounded by a ditch with a long axis of 183 meters and a short axis of 166 meters with a flat shape that goes around an elliptical shape. The ditch is approximately 1.5 to 2 meters wide and about 1 meter deep. About 100 pit houses have been discovered inside the moat encircling the village. The village's occupation is field farming, which includes the cultivation of millet and other crops. Moat encircling settlements are characterized as defenses and bases. The moat encircling the settlement was excavated in a deep V shape and pointed stakes called Gyakumogi were embedded around the moat encircling it, suggesting that the settlement had a defensive character.