1920 Carinthian plebisciteThe Carinthian plebiscite (Kärntner Volksabstimmung, Koroški plebiscit) was held on 10 October 1920 in the area in southern Carinthia predominantly settled by Carinthian Slovenes. It determined the final border between the Republic of Austria and the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia) after World War I. The predominantly Slovene-speaking plebiscite area voted to remain part of Austria with a 59% majority.
Franz Joseph I of AustriaFranz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I (Franz Joseph Karl fʁants ˈjoːzɛf ˈkaʁl; Ferenc József Károly ˈfɛrɛnt͡s ˈjoːʒɛf ˈkaːroj; 18 August 1830 – 21 November 1916) was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and the ruler of the other states of the Habsburg monarchy from 2 December 1848 until his death on 21 November 1916. In the early part of his reign, his realms and territories were referred to as the Austrian Empire, but were reconstituted as the dual monarchy of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1867.
Slovene languageSlovene (ˈsloʊviːn or sloʊˈviːn,_slə-) or Slovenian (sloʊˈviːniən,_slə-; slovenščina) is a South Slavic language, a sub-branch that is part of the Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European language family. It is spoken by about 2.5 million speakers worldwide (excluding speakers of Kajkavian), mainly ethnic Slovenes, the majority of whom live in Slovenia. As Slovenia is part of the European Union, Slovene is also one of its 24 official and working languages.
SlovenesThe Slovenes, also known as Slovenians (Slovenci slɔˈʋéːntsi), are a South Slavic ethnic group native to Slovenia, and adjacent regions in Italy, Austria and Hungary. Slovenes share a common ancestry, culture, history and speak Slovene as their native language. They are closely related to other South Slavic ethnic groups, as well as more distantly to West Slavs. Outside of Slovenia and Europe, Slovenes form diaspora groups in the United States, Canada, Argentina and Brazil.
Illyrian ProvincesThe Illyrian Provinces were an autonomous province of France during the First French Empire that existed under Napoleonic Rule from 1809 to 1814. The province encompassed modern-day Slovenia, Gorizia, Trieste, and parts of Croatia, Austria, and Montenegro. Its capital was Ljubljana (Laybach, Laibach) in Slovenia. It encompassed six départements, making it a relatively large portion of territorial France at the time.
Archduchy of AustriaThe Archduchy of Austria (Erzherzogtum Österreich) was a major principality of the Holy Roman Empire and the nucleus of the Habsburg monarchy. With its capital at Vienna, the archduchy was centered at the Empire's southeastern periphery. Its present name originates from the Frankish term Oustrich – Eastern Kingdom (east of the Frankish kingdom). The archduchy developed out of the Bavarian Margraviate of Austria, elevated to the Duchy of Austria according to the 1156 Privilegium Minus by Emperor Frederick Barbarossa.
History of AustriaThe history of Austria covers the history of Austria and its predecessor states. In the late Iron Age Austria was occupied by people of the Hallstatt Celtic culture (c. 800 BC), they first organized as a Celtic kingdom referred to by the Romans as Noricum, dating from c. 800 to 400 BC. At the end of the 1st century BC, the lands south of the Danube became part of the Roman Empire. In the Migration Period, the 6th century, the Bavarii, a Germanic people, occupied these lands until it fell to the Frankish Empire establish by the Germanic Franks in the 9th century.
VillachVillach (ˈfɪlax; Beljak; Villaco; Vilac) is the seventh-largest city in Austria and the second-largest in the federal state of Carinthia. It is an important traffic junction for southern Austria and the whole Alpe-Adria region. , the population is 61,887. Together with other Alpine towns Villach engages in the Alpine Town of the Year Association for the implementation of the Alpine Convention to achieve sustainable development in the Alpine Arc. In 1997, Villach was the first town to be awarded Alpine Town of the Year.
KarawanksThe Karawanks or Karavankas or Karavanks (Karavanke; Karawanken, kaʁaˈvaŋkŋ̍) are a mountain range of the Southern Limestone Alps on the border between Slovenia to the south and Austria to the north. With a total length of in an east–west direction, the Karawanks chain is one of the longest ranges in Europe. It is traversed by important trade routes and has a great tourist significance. Geographically and geologically, it is divided into the higher Western Karawanks and the lower-lying Eastern Karawanks.
StyriaStyria (Steiermark ˈʃtaɪɐˌmaʁk; Serbian, Croatian and Štajerska; Stájerország; Štýrsko; Štajersko) is a province (Bundesland) in southeastern Austria. With an area of , Styria is the second largest province of Austria, after Lower Austria. Styria is bordered to the south by Slovenia, and clockwise, from the southwest, by the Austrian provinces Carinthia, Salzburg, Upper Austria, Lower Austria, and Burgenland. The province's capital is Graz. The March of Styria derived its name from the original seat of its ruling Otakar dynasty: Steyr, in today's Upper Austria.
