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Concept
Sunni view of Umar
Summary
Sunni Muslims view Umar (576-644 AD), the second Rashidun Caliph, in a much more favourable way than Shi'a Muslims, who are of the opinion that he, Abu Bakr and Uthman usurped leadership over Muslims from Ali, Muhammad's son-in-law, and first cousin.
Umar was one of the prominent companions sahaba of Muhammad. With the conversion of Umar, Islam strengthened and Muslims openly preached Islam. During the space of ten years, Umar succeeded in building the largest empire in the history. Under his leadership the Muslims emerging from the deserts of Arabia overthrew the empire of Persia in the east and shattered the empire of Byzantine in the west.
He was the head of the largest State in the world, and yet he lived the life of a common man. Of simple habits, austere and frugal, he was always accessible to the meanest of his subject, and yet he was a cause of terror for the wrong doer. He would wander about at night to enquire into the condition of the people without any guard or escort.
The exact date of birth of Umar is not known. The consensus, however, is that Umar was born at Mecca around 580 AD. The house in which Umar was born in Mecca was situated midway between Safa and Marwah. During the period of his caliphate, Umar had the house dismantled, and the site was turned into a camping ground. He was younger than the Islamic ProphetMuhammad by about ten years. Muhammad and Umar had Ka'b as their common ancestor in the ninth degree.
Among Umar's ancestors are
Adi, eponym of Umar's tribe, the Banu Adi
Nufayl, Umar's paternal grandfather
Khattab ibn Nufayl, Umar's father
Khantamah, Umar's mother
Hisham ibn al-Mughirah, maternal grandfather of Umar and brother of Walid ibn al-Mughira, who was the father of General Khalid ibn al-Walid. Khalid was thus a cousin of Umar's mother.
Abu Jahl whose personal name was Amr bin Hisham was a brother of Umar's mother, and his maternal uncle.
Umar had several brothers and sisters. The most well known out of these were: Zayd ibn al-Khattab and Fatimah bint al-Khattab.
Official source
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