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Concept
Cybistra
Summary
Cybistra or Kybistra (Ancient Greek: Kubistra; Latin: Cybistra), earlier known as Ḫubišna (Ḫubišna; Ḫabušna), was a town of ancient Cappadocia or Cilicia. Its site is located about 10km northeast of the modern town of Ereğli in Konya Province, Turkey. It was the capital of a Luwian-speaking Neo-Hittite kingdom in the 1st millennium BCE.
Ḫubišna was first mentioned in the texts of the Hittite Empire, as a country located in southern Anatolia, in the part of the Lower Land corresponding to the later Classical Tyanitis. The main city of Ḫubišna was located at the site corresponding to present-day Karahöyük.
According to the Telepinu Proclamation, Ḫubišna was one of the places which the 17th century BCE Hittite king Labarna I had conquered and over which he had subsequently appointed his sons as rulers.
During the 16th century BCE, the Hittite king Ammuna carried out several military campaigns to attempt to re-subjugate former states which had revolted against Hittite suzerainty, including Ḫubišna.
After the collapse of the Hittite Empire, Ḫubišna became one of the Syro-Hittite states constituting the Tabal confederation, in whose southern regions it was located.
Little is known about the kingdom of Ḫubišna. The king Puḫame of Ḫubišna became a vassal of the Neo-Assyrian Empire after the Assyrian king Shalmaneser III passed through it during his campaign against Tabal in 837 or 836 BCE. A later king of Ḫubišna was Uirimi, who was mentioned in the records of the Neo-Assyrian Empire as one of five kings who offered tribute to Tiglath-Pileser III in 738 and 737 BCE.
In 679 BCE, the Assyrian king Esarhaddon defeated the Cimmerians and killed their king Teušpa at Ḫubišna.
Strabo, after mentioning Tyana, says "that not far from it are Castabala and Cybistra, forts which are still nearer to the mountain," by which he means Taurus. Cybistra and Castabala were in that division of Cappadocia which was called Cilicia.
Official source
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