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Concept
Jaunsar-Bawar
Summary
Jaunsar-Bawar is a hilly region in Garhwal division of Uttarakhand, northern India. It is located in the north-west of Dehradun district, along the border with the state of Himachal Pradesh.
Ethnically, Jaunsar-Bawar comprises two regions, inhabited by the two predominant groups: Jaunsar, the lower half, while the snow-clad upper region is called Bawar, which includes, the 'Kharamba peak' (). Geographically adjacent, they are not very different from each other. The Bawar lies in the upper regions of the area. They are a unique community because they have remained cut off from the external world for centuries, leading to the retention of their unique culture and traditions, which have attracted historians, anthropologist and studies in ethnopharmacology to this region for over a century. There is a significant cultural shift from other people of Garhwal, living close by.
The Jaunsar-Bawar region, is a valley, spread over 1002 km2 and 398 villages(villages near koti colony,Sahiya market Kalsi, Sakani, Kanbua and Kakadi), between 77.45' and 78.7'20" East to 30.31' and 31.3'3" North. It is defined in the east, by the river Yamuna and by river Tons in the west, the northern part comprises Uttarkashi district, and some parts of Himachal Pradesh, the Dehradun tehsil forms its southern periphery.
Modes of livelihood in this region are agriculture and animal husbandry, which in the upper region is mostly for self-sustenance, as merely 10 percent of cultivated area is irrigated. Milk, wool and meat are an integral part of the local economy.
Jaunsar-Bawar was a part of Sirmaur Kingdom at one point of time, which is now Sirmaur district in Himachal Pradesh. It is the border area of Garhwal region in Uttarakhand. Later, It was captured by Garhwal rulers.
In 1829, Jaunsar-Bawar was incorporated in Chakrata tehsil, prior to which it had been a part of Punjab state of Sirmaur, until the British conquered it along with Dehradun after the 1814 war with the Gorkhas.
Official source
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