Pontus (region)Pontus or Pontos (ˈpɒntəs; Πόντος, "Sea") is a region on the southern coast of the Black Sea, located in the modern-day eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. The name was applied to the coastal region and its mountainous hinterland (rising to the Pontic Alps in the east) by the Greeks who colonized the area in the Archaic period and derived from the Greek name of the Black Sea: Εύξεινος Πόντος (Eúxinos Póntos), "Hospitable Sea", or simply Pontos (ὁ Πόντος) as early as the Aeschylean Persians (472 BC) and Herodotus' Histories (circa 440 BC).
JasonInfobox character | name = Jason | family = Aeson (father); Aeolus (ancestor); Hermes (maternal great-grandfather) | affiliation = The Argonauts | spouse = Medea | image = Jason fresque romaine.jpg | adapted_by = | nickname = "Amechanos" (incapable) | caption = Jason on an antique fresco from Pompeii | first_major = Argonautica by Apollonius of Rhodes (3rd century BC) | motion_actor = Todd Armstrong (1963), Jason London (2000) Jason (ˈdʒeɪsən ; Iásōn i.
MushkiThe Mushki (sometimes transliterated as Muški) were an Iron Age people of Anatolia who appear in sources from Assyria but not from the Hittites. Several authors have connected them with the Moschoi (Μόσχοι) of Greek sources and the Georgian tribe of the Meskhi. Josephus Flavius identified the Moschoi with the Biblical Meshech. Two different groups are called Muški in Assyrian sources (Diakonoff 1984:115), one from the 12th to the 9th centuries BC near the confluence of the Arsanias and the Euphrates ("Eastern Mushki") and the other from the 8th to the 7th centuries BC in Cappadocia and Cilicia ("Western Mushki").
PotiPoti (ფოთი ˈphɔthi; Mingrelian: ფუთი; Laz: ჶაში/Faşi or ფაში/Paşi) is a port city in Georgia, located on the eastern Black Sea coast in the region of Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti in the west of the country. Built near the site of the ancient Greek colony of Phasis and deriving its name from the same, the city has become a major port city and industrial center since the early 20th century. It is also home to a main naval base and the headquarters of the Georgian Navy. The name Poti is linked to Phasis, but the etymology is a matter of a scholarly dispute.
MingreliansThe Mingrelians (margalepi; tr) are an indigenous Kartvelian-speaking ethnic subgroup of GeorgiansStuart J. Kaufman Modern Hatreds: The Symbolic Politics of Ethnic War ::Modern Hatreds: The Symbolic Politics of Ethnic War], p 86: "Additionally, the Georgian category includes an array of politically important subgroups especially Mingrelians, Svans and Ajarians" that mostly live in the Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti (samargalo; tr) region of Georgia. They also live in considerable numbers in Abkhazia and Tbilisi.
Bosporan KingdomThe Bosporan Kingdom, also known as the Kingdom of the Cimmerian Bosporus (Βασίλειο τοῦ Κιμμερικοῦ Βοσπόρου, Vasíleio toú Kimmerikoú Vospórou), was an ancient Greco-Scythian state located in eastern Crimea and the Taman Peninsula on the shores of the Cimmerian Bosporus, centered in the present-day Strait of Kerch. It was the first truly 'Hellenistic' state, in the sense that a mixed population adopted the Greek language and civilization, under aristocratic consolidated leadership.
ArgonautsThe Argonauts (ˈɑːrgənɔːt; Ancient Greek: Ἀργοναῦται) were a band of heroes in Greek mythology, who in the years before the Trojan War (around 1300 BC) accompanied Jason to Colchis in his quest to find the Golden Fleece. Their name comes from their ship, Argo, named after its builder, Argus. They were sometimes called Minyans, after a prehistoric tribe in the area. After the death of King Cretheus, the Aeolian Pelias usurped the throne from his half-brother Aeson and became king of Iolcus in Thessaly (near the modern city of Volos).
SukhumiSukhumi or Sukhum (Суху́м(и), sʊˈxum(jɪ)), also known by its Georgian name Sokhumi (სოხუმი, ˈsɔχumi) or Abkhaz name Aqwa (Аҟәа, Aqwa), is a city in a wide bay on the Black Sea's eastern coast. It is both the capital and largest city of the Republic of Abkhazia, a partially recognised state widely recognized as a part of Georgia. The city has been controlled by Abkhazia since the Abkhazian war in 1992–93. The city, which has an airport, is a port, major rail junction and a holiday resort because of its beaches, sanatoriums, mineral-water spas and semitropical climate.
CircassiaCircassia (sɜrˈkæʃə ), also known as Zichia, was a country and a historical region in the North Caucasus along the northeast shore of the Black Sea. It was conquered and occupied by Russia during the Russian-Circassian War (1763–1864), after which 90% of the Circassian people were either exiled from the region or massacred in the Circassian genocide. In the Medieval Era, Circassia was nominally ruled by the elected Grand Prince, however, individual principalities and tribes were highly autonomous.
MacronesThe Macrones (მაკრონები) (Μάκρωνες, Makrōnes) were an ancient Colchian tribe in the east of Pontus, about the Moschici Mountains (modern Yalnizçam Dağlari, Turkey). The name is allegedly derived from the name of Kromni valley (Κορούμ, located 13 km north-east of Gümüşhane) by adding Kartvelian ma- prefix which denotes regional descendance. The Macrones are first mentioned by Herodotus (c. 450 BC), who relates that they, along with Moschi, Tibareni, Mossynoeci, and Marres, formed the nineteenth satrapy within the Achaemenid Persian Empire and fought under Xerxes I.
