taxobox
|name = Miscanthus × giganteus
|image = Miscanthus Bestand.JPG
|regnum = Plantae
|unranked_divisio = Angiosperms
|unranked_classis = Monocots
|unranked_ordo = Commelinids
|ordo = Poales
|familia = Poaceae
|subfamilia = Panicoideae
|genus = Miscanthus
|species = M. × giganteus
|binomial = Miscanthus × giganteus
|binomial_authority = J.M.Greef , Deuter ex Hodk., Renvoize 2001
|synonyms_ref=
|synonyms =
Miscanthus × changii Y.N.Lee
Miscanthus × latissimus Y.N.Lee
Miscanthus × longiberbis (Hack.) Nakai
Miscanthus × longiberbis var. changii (Y.N.Lee) Ibaragi & H.Ohashi
Miscanthus × longiberbis f. ogiformis (Honda) Ibaragi
Miscanthus matsumurae var. longiberbis Hack.
Miscanthus × ogiformis Honda
Miscanthus oligostachyus subsp. longiberbis (Hack.) T.Koyama
Miscanthus sacchariflorus var. brevibarbis (Honda) Adati
Miscanthus sinensis 'Giganteus'
Miscanthus × giganteus, also known as the giant miscanthus, is a sterile hybrid of Miscanthus sinensis and Miscanthus sacchariflorus. It is a perennial grass with bamboo-like stems that can grow to heights of 3– in one season (from the third season onwards). Just like Pennisetum purpureum, Arundo donax and Saccharum ravennae, it is also called elephant grass.
Miscanthus × giganteus' perennial nature, its ability to grow on marginal land, its water efficiency, non-invasiveness, low fertilizer needs, significant carbon sequestration and high yield have sparked significant interest among researchers, with some arguing that it has "ideal" energy crop properties. Some argue that it can provide negative emissions, while others highlight its water cleaning and soil enhancing qualities. There are practical and economic challenges related to its use in the existing, fossil based combustion infrastructure, however. Torrefaction and other fuel upgrading techniques are being explored as countermeasures to this problem.
Miscanthus × giganteus is mainly used as raw material for solid biofuels. It can be burned directly, or processed further into pellets or briquettes.
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Biomass, in the context of energy production, is matter from recently living (but now dead) organisms which is used for bioenergy production. Examples include wood, wood residues, energy crops, agricultural residues including straw, and organic waste from industry and households. Wood and wood residues is the largest biomass energy source today. Wood can be used as a fuel directly or processed into pellet fuel or other forms of fuels. Other plants can also be used as fuel, for instance maize, switchgrass, miscanthus and bamboo.
Pellet fuels (or pellets) are a type of solid fuel made from compressed organic material. Pellets can be made from any one of five general categories of biomass: industrial waste and co-products, food waste, agricultural residues, energy crops, and untreated lumber. Wood pellets are the most common type of pellet fuel and are generally made from compacted sawdust and related industrial wastes from the milling of lumber, manufacture of wood products and furniture, and construction.
Biochar is the lightweight black residue, made of carbon and ashes, remaining after the pyrolysis of biomass, and is a form of charcoal. Biochar is defined by the International Biochar Initiative as "the solid material obtained from the thermochemical conversion of biomass in an oxygen-limited environment". Biochar is a stable solid that is rich in pyrogenic carbon and can endure in soil for thousands of years. The refractory stability of biochar leads to the concept of pyrogenic carbon capture and storage (PyCCS), i.
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