Explores the axiom of separating the plane into two half-planes and the concept of interior points.
Covers the principle of induction for natural numbers and the importance of caution in its application.
Explores non-Euclidean geometries, including hyperbolic geometry and the tractricoid model, challenging Euclidean principles and introducing projective geometry.
Introduces the basics of group theory, covering definitions, examples, subgroups, and homomorphisms.
Explores propositions, proofs, and contraposition in mathematical theory, emphasizing logical rules and proof methods.
