Neo-pop (also known as new pop) is a postmodern art movement of the 1980s and 1990s. Defined as a resurgence of the aesthetics and ideas from the mid-20th century movement capturing the characteristics of pop art like intentional kitsch and interest in commercialism. The term (which was originated in 1992 by Japanese critic Noi Sawaragi) refers to artists influenced by pop art and popular culture imagery, such as Jeff Koons, but also artists working in graffiti and cartoon art, such as Keith Haring. Japanese artist Takashi Murakami is described as the first of the Japanese neo-pop artists to "break the ice in terms of recycling Japanese pop culture". Japanese neo-pop is associated with the otaku subculture and the obsessive interests in anime, manga and other forms of pop culture. Artist Kenji Yanobe exemplifies this approach to art and fandom.