Merge Sort: Divide, Conquer, Combine

This lecture covers the concept of Merge Sort, which applies the divide-and-conquer strategy to sorting. The instructor explains the process of dividing an array into two subarrays, recursively sorting them, and then merging them back together. The lecture delves into the implementation details of the merging algorithm, the linear-time merging idea, and the analysis of Merge Sort's time complexity. By analyzing the recurrence relation for Merge Sort, it is shown to run in O(nlog n) time, making it significantly faster than Insertion Sort for large instances.