Advanced Optics: Nanostructures and Phase Engineering

This lecture covers advanced topics in optics, focusing on the engineering of phase shifts in nanostructures. The instructor discusses the generalized Snell's law, anomalous reflection, and the introduction of phase shifts in scattered waves using plasmonic V-shaped nanostructures. The lecture also explores negative refraction, the use of mirrors to extend phase shifts, and the Fresnel coefficients for external reflection. Classical optics, specifically blazed gratings, is highlighted as a source of inspiration. Various simulations and models are presented to demonstrate the manipulation of phase and amplitude in optical systems.