Sampling the Canonical Ensemble

This lecture covers the concept of sampling the canonical ensemble, focusing on temperature fluctuations and the extended Lagrangian of Nosé. It explains how to impose a constant temperature and obtain the average of a physical quantity. The lecture also discusses the comparison between canonical and microcanonical temperature fluctuations, the Hamiltonian associated with the Lagrangian of Nosé, and the partition function of the extended Nosé system. Additionally, it explores the average of a physical quantity in the context of the extended Nosé system and the control of temperature in molecular dynamics simulations.