Conservation of Energy and Momentum

This lecture delves into the concept of conservation of energy, starting with mechanical energy and extending to a broader definition. The instructor discusses scenarios where mechanical energy is conserved, exploring hidden energies in collisions and the simplification of problem-solving using conservation laws. The lecture covers examples such as a cart propelled by balls and a rotating stool, illustrating the principles of energy conservation and momentum. Various methods, including the use of center of mass and inertial reference frames, are employed to analyze systems with multiple masses and forces. Students are encouraged to consider different approaches to problem-solving, such as treating a system as a spring or introducing additional masses to understand the dynamics better.