This lecture covers the analysis of neurophysiological data, focusing on membrane potential recordings and cellular mechanisms. Topics include action potentials, subthreshold activity, trial types, data structure, and meta-data analysis. Students will learn to detect APs, compute firing rates, analyze spectral data, and compare Vm before and after stimuli. The session also includes a mini-project where students analyze Vm recordings to answer basic questions and predict cell classes based on firing rates and AP duration.