Lecture
This lecture covers the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter, including absorption, diffusion, reflection, and refraction. It delves into the effects of electromagnetic radiation on matter, the transitions between quantum states, and the emission of electromagnetic waves at different scales. The lecture explains the absorption process at the atomic scale, the phenomena of Rayleigh and Raman scattering, and the diffusion of electromagnetic waves in different media. It also discusses the macroscopic manifestations of absorption and diffusion, as well as the spectral distribution of radiation intensities. Various examples, such as the color of the sky, moon darkness, and red moon during lunar eclipse, are used to illustrate these concepts.