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This lecture explores the wave-particle duality of quantum objects, focusing on Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle. It delves into the complementarity between wave and particle behavior, illustrated by the Young experiment. The presentation discusses the wave function, probability density, and the interpretation of quantum physics. It also covers matter-wave interference experiments, including recent breakthroughs with large molecules. The instructor explains the implications of the uncertainty principle on the simultaneous knowledge of position and momentum, emphasizing the fundamental nature of quantum laws.