Fourier Optics: Lens System

This lecture covers the concept of Fourier optics, focusing on the use of lenses to align diffracted waves in a Fourier plane. It explains how a lens transforms an image into spatial frequencies, enabling visualization and manipulation of the image spectrum. The lecture also delves into the 4f lens system, which allows access to the Fourier plane for filtering specific spectral components. Practical examples and applications of Fourier optics with lenses are discussed, emphasizing the importance of lens arrangements for optimal Fourier transformations.