This lecture identified the components of the graphic system, such as structures and visual variables, their properties like selectivity or associativity, and the relationships they convey, including proportionality, order, and resemblance. The use of visual variables, especially color, was highlighted as complex but aided by tools for selecting appropriate palettes. Adherence to rules is crucial to optimize users' perceptual abilities and ensure effective information transmission. The theoretical knowledge presented here sets the stage for practical application in the next lesson, focusing on thematic attribute processing and classification to create statistical thematic maps in QGIS.