Needleman-Wunsch Algorithm: Sequence Alignment

This lecture explores the Needleman-Wunsch algorithm for optimal protein sequence alignment, demonstrating dynamic programming to solve repetitive sequential problems. It covers the basics of dynamic programming, the alignment of DNA sequences, scoring methods, and the recursive and iterative implementation of the algorithm. The lecture also delves into the complexities of the algorithm, including the exponential nature of the naive approach and the use of matrices for substitution scores. The presentation concludes with optimization techniques to reduce memory usage and execution time.