Horizontal Forces in Frames

This lecture explores how horizontal forces are supported in frames, analyzing the effects of joints and the distribution of efforts within the frames under horizontal loads. Different frame configurations are examined, including those with multiple joints. The instructor demonstrates the distribution of compression and tension forces in various frame elements, illustrating how frames react to horizontal loads. The lecture also delves into the structural behavior of the Parthenon in Athens, showcasing how multiple frames can withstand gravitational and horizontal loads, even in the presence of cracks in some elements.