Lecture
This lecture covers the 4-step process of internal audit and certification in Environmental Science and Engineering, including defining environmental monitoring methods, setting up audit programs, conducting management reviews, and ensuring continuous improvement. It emphasizes the importance of internal audits, certification audits, and management reviews in evaluating the effectiveness of an Environmental Management System (EMS). The lecture also discusses the roles of auditors, the preparation for internal audits, the audit process, and the corrective actions to be taken based on audit findings. Additionally, it highlights the significance of external audits conducted by certification bodies to validate EMS compliance with ISO 14001 standards.