Diodes and Transistors: Electrical Characteristics and Applications

This lecture covers the principles and characteristics of diodes and transistors, focusing on the N-P junction and Schottky diodes. The instructor explains the energy levels and conduction mechanisms in N-P and Schottky diodes, highlighting the differences in their behavior under various voltage conditions. The discussion includes the concept of depletion zones and the impact of Early effect on transistor operation. The lecture also addresses the IV characteristics of solar cells, detailing how illumination affects their performance. The instructor illustrates the importance of factors such as transparency, thermalization, and contact losses in determining the efficiency of solar cells. By analyzing the band diagrams and current flow in these devices, the lecture provides a comprehensive understanding of their electrical properties and practical applications in electronics and renewable energy systems.