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Explores atomic clocks and optical frequency standards, discussing the transition from mechanical to atomic era and the potential of optical clocks to surpass microwave standards.
Explores dispersion in anisotropic media, covering k surface, uniaxial crystals, double refraction, beam walk-off, and applications of birefringent crystals.
Explores sum frequency generation and second harmonic generation, emphasizing phase matching and birefringent crystals for efficient frequency conversion.