This lecture covers the impact of x-ray scattering on Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR) in Computed Tomography. It explains how x-ray scattering affects the detection of objects, the role of the Photoelectric effect, and the use of Anti-scatter grids to reduce image contrast. The quantification of CNR through signal measurement and contrast calculation is also discussed, along with the interpretation of CT intensity in absolute terms using Hounsfield units.