Smart Sensors for IoT

This lecture covers energy-efficient technologies for wearables and IoT, including energy scavenging from light, vibrations, and thermoelectrical generators, as well as supercapacitors for energy storage. Key enabling technologies such as low-power sensors, wireless communications, and computing are discussed, along with the importance of hetero-integration. The lecture also explores advancements in Si technology, energy harvesting mechanisms, and the challenges of continuous operation under dynamic conditions. Various energy sources, energy conversion mechanisms, and scenarios for energy harvesting by wireless sensor networks are presented. The lecture concludes with a focus on thermoelectrical harvesting, piezoelectric and electromagnetic energy harvesting, and thermoelectric conversion from hot ICs.