Covalent Bonds: Formation and Energy Diagrams

This lecture covers the formation of single covalent bonds according to the valence bond model, the interaction of atomic orbitals upon approach, molecular orbital energy diagrams for diatomic molecules, and the molecular orbital view of covalent bonds in multiatom molecules. It also discusses the polarization of covalent bonds based on electronegativity and the molecular orbital representation of polarized bonds. The learning outcomes include the description of covalent bonds by a linear combination of atomic orbitals, interactions between orbitals of matching symmetry, and the energy changes in bonding and antibonding orbitals.