Gaussian Beams: Theory and Properties

This lecture covers the theory and properties of Gaussian beams, starting with the paraxial wave equation and the paraboloidal wave solution. It then explores the Gaussian beam, discussing its intensity, size, and divergence, as well as the phase, wavefront, and gouy phase. The lecture also delves into the radius of curvature, the width at half height, and the maximum intensity as functions of distance. Finally, it presents an example of Gaussian beam parameters based on the initial size. Throughout the lecture, the instructor emphasizes the physical significance of the Gaussian beam and its applications.