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This lecture discusses the importance of economic growth for reducing poverty and inequality, focusing on low-income countries. It analyzes the targets set for extreme poverty reduction and the challenges faced in achieving full and productive employment. The instructor emphasizes the need for inclusive growth, highlighting the role of education, health care, and fair access to credit. The lecture also examines the impact of growth on income inequality, showcasing examples of countries that experienced significant GDP per capita growth. Concluding, it reflects on the limitations of economic growth in eradicating extreme poverty and addressing inequalities.