Genome Duplication and Gene Families

This lecture covers the importance of accurately copying the genome, correcting damages and errors, and the significant phenotypic changes caused by the loss of a single nucleotide. It also discusses the size of genomes in different organisms, the role of repetitive DNA sequences, and the impact of gene duplication on speciation. The lecture delves into the classification of DNA sequences in the human genome, the types of transposable elements, and their effects on genetic diversity and gene regulation. It concludes with a summary highlighting the non-proportional increase in gene number with genome size, the prevalence of repetitive sequences derived from transposons, and the role of transposons in providing mobile regulatory elements.