This lecture covers the application of the Timoshenko method to the fundamental case of buckling in straight beams, including the integration of differential equations and the calculation of critical loads. It also delves into stress and strain states, stress matrices, and the stress tensor matrix. The second part of the lecture focuses on linear elastic elements, discussing the fundamental equations of linear elastostatics, strain-displacement relationships, and stress-strain relationships. The instructor explains the concept of safety factors, failure criteria, and fracture toughness in the context of elastic equilibrium, emphasizing the importance of understanding stress limit states and the Mohr-Coulomb criterion.