Lecture
This lecture covers the principles and concepts of surveying, different orientation methods, the main topometric instrument - the theodolite, and the polar surveying technique. Surveying involves measuring and locating elements to create a simplified model of an object, typically composed of lines and points. The process connects a coordinate framework with fixed points to describe the object of interest, such as a building, using geometric measurements like angles and distances to calculate coordinates. The lecture showcases a topographic plan created by students, displaying modeled objects like buildings, stairs, and vegetation, resulting from a surveying operation.