This lecture by the instructor covers the function of neuronal microcircuits in transferring information, focusing on human synapses' short-term plasticity and recovery from depression. It discusses the firing rate and information rate of human and rodent neurons, as well as the role of dendritic morphology in high-frequency tracking. The presentation also explores the differences between rodent and human neocortical microcircuits, emphasizing properties like membrane capacitance, dendritic structure, synapse number, and information transfer mechanisms.